Chikungunya
Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne viral infection causing fever and severe joint pain. The IXCHIQ vaccine provides protection against this disease.
Overview
Chikungunya is caused by the chikungunya virus (CHIKV), transmitted primarily by Aedes mosquitoes, particularly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Symptoms typically appear 3–7 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito and include sudden onset of fever and joint pain. Other symptoms may include headache, muscle pain, joint swelling, or rash. While most patients recover within a week, joint pain can persist for months or even years in some cases. Severe complications are rare but can occur, especially in older adults and those with underlying health conditions.
Risk Areas
Chikungunya is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, including parts of Africa, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, and the Americas. Recent outbreaks have been reported in the Caribbean, Central, and South America. The virus is primarily found in urban and suburban areas where Aedes mosquitoes are common.
Risk for Travelers
Travelers to endemic regions are at risk of contracting chikungunya, especially if they engage in outdoor activities during peak mosquito activity periods. The risk is higher in areas with ongoing outbreaks. Preventive measures include using insect repellent, wearing long sleeves and pants, and staying in accommodations with air conditioning or window and door screens.
Signs and Symptoms
- Fever
- Severe joint pain
- Headache
- Muscle pain
- Joint swelling
- Rash
