Overview
HPV is a group of related viruses that are spread through sexual contact. Most HPV infections are asymptomatic and clear up on their own. However, some types of HPV can persist and lead to serious health problems, including cancers. The HPV vaccine is designed to prevent infection with the high-risk HPV types that are most likely to cause cancer and other HPV-related diseases. It does not treat existing HPV infections or HPV-related diseases.
Risk Areas
HPV is a global virus, and the risk of infection exists worldwide. However, the burden of HPV-related cancers and diseases varies geographically. Vaccination is recommended for adolescents and young adults before they become sexually active, regardless of where they live. The benefits of vaccination are universal.
Risk for Travelers
While the risk of acquiring HPV is related to sexual activity and not specifically travel, travelers can be exposed to HPV if they engage in unprotected sexual contact with a partner who has the virus. The HPV vaccine is recommended for all adolescents and young adults, regardless of their travel plans. It's important to complete the vaccine series well in advance of any potential exposure.
Signs and Symptoms
- Most HPV infections have no symptoms.
- Genital warts (appear as bumps or growths in the genital area)
- Cancers (cervical, anal, oropharyngeal, penile, vulvar, vaginal) - these may not cause symptoms until later stages.
- Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (warts in the throat or larynx)
