Overview
Polio is caused by the poliovirus, which spreads through person-to-person contact, often through fecal-oral transmission (contaminated food or water). While many infections are asymptomatic, polio can cause a range of symptoms, from mild fever and sore throat to severe muscle weakness and paralysis. There is no cure for polio, but vaccination can provide lifelong protection.
Risk Areas
While polio has been eradicated in most parts of the world, it remains a risk in a few countries. These areas are primarily located in parts of Africa and Asia. The risk is highest for unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated individuals traveling to these regions. It's crucial to consult the latest travel advisories from reputable health organizations to identify current high-risk areas as the situation can change.
Risk for Travelers
Travelers to areas where polio is still circulating are at risk of infection if they are not adequately vaccinated. Even if previously vaccinated, some travelers may require a booster dose to ensure full protection. It's essential to consult with a healthcare professional or travel clinic well in advance of travel to assess your individual risk and vaccination needs.
Signs and Symptoms
- Fever
- Sore throat
- Headache
- Muscle pain
- Stiff neck
- Paralysis (in severe cases)
- Meningitis (in some cases)
